Nation and Nationalism

May 7, 2014 (Week #3)

Nation and Nationalism

http://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/philippines/independence-day

Did you know?

                Melchora Aquino, also known as Tandang Sora, is the “Mother of Philippine Revolution” in 1896.

                According to Agoncillo and Mojares, our nationalism is emotionally charged, outlet for bitterness and disenchantment, with less desirable effect of foreign rule. This produced an attitude to please the other, which hides a feeling of inferiority.

The difference between a Nation and a State

                A nation consists of an ethnic or cultural community, it is how you imagined it. Meanwhile, a state is a political entity with a high degree of sovereignty. It has coercive powers to police and impose taxes and to create laws.

19^th Century Philippines

A. Economic Conditions

1. Rise of the Haciendas or “cash crop economy”, sugar was the #1 cash crop of Negros and Panay, tobacco in Ilocos and Cagayan Valley, abaka in Bicol, and coffee in Batangas. 
2. The shift from barter to moneyed economy made the Indios more impoverished.
3. Land is the source of wealth; however, the biggest land owners are church and religious orders.
4. Technology facilitated interconnections between the islands and the world. There were already steam ships and railroads. These advances in communication moderated the sectionalism that sprang from regional diversity.

B. Social Conditions

·         Birth of the middle class, which were mostly Chinese mestizos.

1. Illustrado – are educated and have money.
2. Principalia – may not be educated, but have money.